Software and mathematical (numerical) simulation models for hydrology, salinity and statistics   free downloading

SaltMod This is a mathematical, numerical simulation model describing the relations between agriculture, crop rotation, and irrigation. Factors like rainfall, potential and actual evaporation (evapotranspiration), climate, and hydrology play also a role. The model calculates depth and level of shallow water-table, capillary rise and deep percolation as well as the salt balance in the soil It gives graphs of soil salinity and subsurface drainage by drains or wells. There is ample attention regarding the reuse (conjunctive use) of ground and drain water from wells. Finally, the model includes farmers' responses to water logging and soil salinity. SahysMod This is a combination of Saltmod with a hydrologic model of ground water flow and hydraulics to account for large spatial variation through a network of polygons. It includes phreatic (unconfined) aquifers as well as soil layers with slow vertical hydraulic conductivity (soil permeability for water) resulting in semiconfined (leaky) aquifers. SaltCalc This is simplified version of SaltMod with the advantage that calculations are made for shorter time steps (monthly instead of seasonally or even daily). SaltCalc can be used when field observations of irrigation, sahallow water table and soil salinity have been made and one wishes to develop a model for that situation and for the maintenance of the salt balance in the soil. Normally, calibration of unknown values must be done using a range of values of the corresponding variable, running the model repeatedly and selecting the optimal value from the range that gives model results closest to observed values. PolySalt This is simplified version of SahysMod with the advantage that calculations are made for shorter time steps (monthly instead of seasonally). The application principles are similar as those described before under "SaltCalc". LeachMod This model is somewhat similar to SaltCalc. On the one hand the water management options are fewer (e.g. re-use of drainage or well water for irrigation do not feature here), but the model is more modern in the sense that the variable input for each time step is given in a table so that the calculations over all the time steps are done in one go. Moreover, by inserting the observed values of soil salinity in the data table, the model optimizes the leaching efficiency of the soil automatically so that the optimal salt balance can be found.

RainOff This helps in hydrologic modelling of effective rainfall, recharge, and water storage. It calculates runoff, surface drainage and discharge relations in hydrological catchment areas (watersheds) using the concept of a nonlinear reservoir. It contains a calculator for agricultural drainage systems with pipes and ditches. NashMod The NashModel, like RainOff, calculates surface runoff and stream flow from rainfall. However, instead of a non-linear reservoir it uses a cascade of linear reservoirs, an idea elaborated by Nash. In some cases it yields better results than RainOff, but in other cases absolutely not. The model was developed recently and put on this website on 17 August 2017. EnDrain This hydrologic model does calculations on steady-state discharge by horizontal subsurface drainage systems, hydraulic head, as well as depth and level of water-table in agricultural land. It comes up with a drain spacing using the energy balance of groundwater flow, but also the Darcy and continuity equation (mass balance/budget of water). It includes drain entrance resistance and soil anisotropy of hydraulic conductivity (soil permeability for water), i.e. the horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity are different. All is applicable to pipe/tile drains (drain pipes) and open ditches for the control of the shallow water table. DrainCalc This hydrologic model does calculations on non-steady (transient, fluctuating) state discharge by horizontal subsurface drainage systems in agricultural land. The changes in hydraulic head (level of the water table) are also simulated. The model uses the concept of a non-inear reservoir, like in the RainOff program. This reservoir is characterized by reaction factor of discharge and hydraulic head (watertable height) on the recharge varying in time. The program calculates the reaction factor from discharge and head data, or it calculates discharge and head given the parameters of the response function. In addition, it provides the facility to find the response function from the parameters of the drainage system. All this is applicable to pipe/tile drains (drain pipes) and open ditches for the control of the shallow water table. HydrCond This is a calculator for the hydraulic conductivity of soils based on measurements of discharge and level of the ground water table in agricultural subsurface drainage systems. WellDrain This hydrologic model calculates the spacing of wells, the shape, depth, and level of the watertable in vertical drainage systems using pumped wells. Like EnDrain, it permits aquifers with various different properties and, in addition, fully/partially penetrating wells.

CumFreq This calculator is meant for segmented (in splines, piecewise)cumulative frequency analysis using a breakpoint which serves for example to study discontinuous probability distributions and return periods. It can anlyse hydrologic factors like rainfall, river and drain discharge, water and river level. Also the depth or level of watertable, soil salinity, and the hydraulic conductivity (i.e. soil permeability for water) can be sudied. The calculator uses 20 different probability distributions and selects the best fitting. Preference for a certain distribution can also be expressed. An amplified version (CumFreqA), permitting to express preference for advanced composite distributions, can be made available on request. NormDis This is a two-way calculator for normal probability distributions with graphics: Value => Probability, and Probability => Value. The calculator can be used for many kinds of statistical probability analysis. SegReg This calculator can be used for segmented linear regression, i.e. regression in segments (splines), using a breakpoint (break-point) or threshold value, which serves for example to analyse the relation between plant growth or crop production in agriculture versus soil salinity and depth of watertable in agricultural land. The calculator analyses 2x6 different types of models and selects the best fitting. An amplified version (SegRegA), permitting to express preference for a certain model, and allowing S-curve (sigmoid), power, quadratic and cubic functions can be made available on request. PartReg This software is similar to SegReg but it emphasizes the horizontal part in Type 3 and Type 4 relations with the aim to define crop tolerance levels more precisely and to find the maximum range of "no effect". Further explanation is given on the PartReg page. F-test calculator This is a calculator for the Fisher's F-test as used in analysis of variance (Anova). The above SegReg model uses this test for the significance of the regression. Like NormDis, it is also a two-way calculator: F-value => Probability, and Probability => F-value. t-distribution calculator This is a two-way t-distribution calculator to perform a t-test on the significance of the difference between means (averages) of series of data using Student's t - probability distribution : t-test-value => Probability, and Probability => t-test-value. R-squared calculator This is a calculator for the confidence interval of the R squared value being an indicator for the goodness of fit of a function derived from a data set. R squared is also called coefficient of determination (explanation) and it is based on R, the correlation coefficient.

Alternative calculator This ia an alternative, extended, calculator, originally developed by my grandson Niklas Burggraaff at 10 years of age (!). It is suitable for a long sequence of calculations as necessary in large equations. It has two input options (X and Y) and it can perform transformations of X and Y before doing the operations with X and Y. The results can be moved to X or Y to continue the next sequence of transformations and operations, or they can be stored for later use in X or Y. The record of actions is shown in a tracking table. LeachSalt & SaltSim The model LeachSalt is in development. It is an amplification of LeachMod permitting two neighboring areas with different irrigation treatments so that the salt balance in one area may influence the balance of the other. For example it simulates the capillary rise in one area with limited irrigation supply induced by the percolation from the second area with ample irrigation.             Also, a simplification of LeachMod (SaltSim) is on the way in which the underground water movement and the subsurface drainage are eliminated. This model is applicable for experiments in lysimeters or in controlled field experiments with saline irrigation water.             Check with the sitemaster for more info.

This data set of crop yield and soil salinity needs an analysis by a segmented regression software model to determine the response and salt tolerance or resistance of the potato crop. Here, the soil salinity is expressed in terms of electric conductivity (EC) of an extract (e) from a saturated soil paste ==> ECe If the relation shows a not descending line in the first stretch of ECe values, e.g. from ECe=0 to ECe=7, then this is a stretch of "no effect", and the tolerance level can be set at ECe=7 beyond which value the yields start to decline due to negative influence of the saline soil. For more explanation of this application program of the calculator see this lecture note on segmented regression

This data set of annually maximum 1-day rainfalls needs an analysis by probability distribution fitting to determine the frequency of occurrence of extreme values and the cumulative frequency. Such an analysis can be done with the CumFeq software model, which application program gives a histogram. It also calculates the correlation between predicted and observed values. The applicability of the probability distribution is expressed in terms of goodness of fit. For more explanation see this lecture note on frequency analysis